⑥“with/without+名詞普通格或代詞賓格+-ing分詞”結構在句中作狀語，表示伴隨情況或時間、原因等。如：

　　His hair became grey with the years passing. 隨著時間的推移，他的頭發變花白了。

　　Without anyone noticing, he slipped through the window. 沒人注意，他從窗戶溜了出去。

　　例：

　　①The storm left, ______ a lot of damage to this area.

　　A. caused B. to have caused

　　C. to caused D. having caused

　　②----“You can’t catch me!” Janet shouted, ______ away.

　　A. run B. running C. to run D. ran

　　③It’s necessary to be prepared for a job interview. ______ the answers ready will be of great help.

　　A. To have had B. Having had C. Have D. Having

　　④_____ from other continents for millions of years, Australia has many plants and animals not found in any other country in the world.

　　A. Being separated B. Having separated

　　C. Having been separated D. To be separated

　　⑤Daddy didn’t mind what we were doing, as long as we were together, _____ fun.

　　A. had B. have C. to have D. having

　　⑥Oil prices have risen by 32 percent since the start of the year, _____ a record $57.65 a barrel on April 4.

　　A. have reached B. reaching C. to reach D. to be reaching

　　⑦It was unbelievable that the fans waited outside the gym for three hours just _____ a look at the sports stars.

　　A. had B. having C. to have D. have

　　⑧_____ more about university course, call (920)7463789.

　　A. To find out B. Finding out

　　C. Find out D. Having found out

　　簡析：1.D.結果狀語，時間有明顯先后之分；2.B.伴隨狀語；3.D.條件狀語，有明顯時間先后之分；4.C.原因狀語，時間有明顯先后之分；5.D.伴隨狀語；6.B.結果狀語。7.C.作目的狀語；8.A.作目的狀語；

　　6) -ing分詞作補語：

　　①--ing分詞可以在see, hear, notice, watch, feel, look at, listen to, observe, have, get, leave, keep, set, catch, find等動詞后面和一個名詞或代詞構成一個復合賓語，作賓語補語。如：

　　I noticed a man running out of the bank when I got off the car.

　　我下車的時候注意到一個男人匆匆忙忙地從銀行里跑出來。

　　Last night the shopkeeper caught a child stealing some food in the shop.

　　昨晚，店主在商店里抓到一個小孩在偷東西。

　　②上面這類句子也可變成被動語態，這時，-ing分詞可看成是主語補語。如：

　　We were kept waiting for quite a long time. 讓我們等了好長時間。

　　Lily was never heard singing that song again. 人們再也沒有聽到吉麗唱這首歌了。